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Guia · Unidade 5 · A1

Home and Family

Possessives, rooms, and the people who fill them

  1. 1

    Mein, dein, unser: my, your, our

    Say my, your and our — and give each one the ending of the thing you own.

    • Possessives take the ending of the thing owned, just like ein / eine: mein Hund, meine Wohnung.
    • der / das words: mein, dein, unser, euer, Ihr. die words and plurals: meine, deine, unsere, eure, Ihre.
    • Three ways to say your: dein (du), euer (ihr), Ihr (Sie — always with a capital I).
    • unser keeps its -er: unsere. euer drops an e: eure.
    • Learn every noun with its article — the article tells you the ending.
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  2. 2

    Das Haus: room by room

    Rooms and furniture with their articles — and how to say where everything is.

    • Every -zimmer room is das: das Wohnzimmer, das Schlafzimmer, das Badezimmer. But die Küche, der Flur, der Balkon, der Garten.
    • A compound noun takes the gender of its last part.
    • Ask Wo ist…? — Wo ist das Bad?
    • In the…: im for der / das words (im Garten), in der for die words (in der Küche).
    • oben / unten, links / rechts, dort drüben say where things are.
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  3. 3

    Die Familie: Sunday lunch at the Müllers'

    Vater, Mutter, Geschwister and the rest — at a long German Sunday lunch.

    • Family pairs: Vater / Mutter, Bruder / Schwester, Sohn / Tochter, Opa / Oma, Onkel / Tante, Cousin / Cousine, Mann / Frau.
    • Group words are plural and take meine: die Eltern, die Geschwister, die Großeltern, die Kinder.
    • Hast du Geschwister? — Ja, einen Bruder. / Nein, ich bin Einzelkind.
    • After haben, masculine ein becomes einen: Ich habe einen Bruder.
    • Greet a friend's parents with Herr / Frau + surname and Sie.
    • Sunday is a Ruhetag: most shops shut, long lunches, Kaffee und Kuchen.
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  4. 4

    Sein, ihr: his, her, their

    His, her and their — the owner picks the word, the thing picks the ending. Plus Luanas Tasche: whose is it?

    • The owner picks the word: sein (his, its), ihr (her, their).
    • The thing owned picks the ending: sein Hund, seine Zeitung; ihr Garten, ihre Tasche.
    • Three ihrs: ihr (you all), ihr (her / their), Ihr (your, polite — capital I).
    • Name + s, no apostrophe: Luanas Tasche, Omas Rezept — but Marcos' Mutter.
    • In speech, von + name works too: die Mutter von Marcos.
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