Concepto nuevo
Olla + participle
Good news: you already know both halves. The perfect — perfekti — is the present of olla plus the -nut / -nyt / -neet participle from the negative past:
| English | ||
|---|---|---|
| minä | olen oppinut | I have learned |
| sinä | olet oppinut | you have learned |
| hän | on oppinut | he / she has learned |
| me | olemme oppineet | we have learned |
| te | olette oppineet | you have learned |
| he | ovat oppineet | they have learned |
Same split as before: olla shows who, the participle shows how many — -nut / -nyt for one, -neet for more.
The negative just adds the negative verb: en ole oppinut, emme ole nähneet — I haven't learned, we haven't seen.