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Leitfaden · Einheit 3 · A1

Navigating the City

Regular -ar verbs and asking for directions

  1. 1

    Falar, morar, andar: the -ar pattern

    One set of endings for most Portuguese verbs — plus questions, não and short answers.

    • Regular -ar verbs: drop the -ar, add -o, -a, -amos, -am.
    • falar (speak), morar (live), andar (walk), comprar (buy) — and hundreds more — all work this way.
    • -o and -amos already say who, so eu and nós are often dropped: Moro em Botafogo.
    • A gente takes the ele / ela form: a gente anda.
    • No helper do: questions keep their word order, and não goes before the verb.
    • Short answers echo the verb: Falo, sim. / Não, não falo.
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  2. 2

    Places in town, and where they are

    The shops and places of a Rio neighbourhood, ficar for location, and the little words no, na, do, da.

    • Places: a padaria, a farmácia, a livraria, o mercado, a praça, a praia, o centro.
    • Onde fica…? asks where a place is: A padaria fica na esquina.
    • Ficar for places that stay put, estar for people: A Marina está na padaria.
    • em + o / a = no / na and de + o / a = do / da — always fused.
    • perto de (near) and longe de (far from): perto da praia, longe do centro.
    • Livraria is a bookshop; a library is a biblioteca.
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  3. 3

    Asking the way

    Left, right and straight on — and Marina's hunt for a bookshop in the town centre.

    • Stop someone with Com licença, then ask Onde fica…?
    • Tem … aqui perto? = Is there … near here? — tem also means there is.
    • Directions: à esquerda, à direita, em frente, na esquina, no sinal, ao lado de.
    • Instructions: Siga em frente, Vire à direita — casually segue, vira.
    • Directions often come as landmarks, and pertinho can still be a decent walk.
    • Isso! confirms you've got it: “Exactly.”
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  4. 4

    By bus and metrô

    Bus, metro or on foot — the verbs for getting around, and Marina's first trip to Copacabana.

    • o ônibus, o metrô, a estação, o ponto — bus, metro, station, bus stop.
    • Means of transport: de with no article — de ônibus, de metrô, de carro — but a pé. Em pé means standing.
    • Andar de = to go by, to ride: andar de ônibus, andar de bicicleta.
    • pegar (catch), passar (go via), chegar (arrive), saltar (get off), pagar (pay) — all regular -ar verbs.
    • In Rio you flag the bus down with an outstretched arm — dar sinal.
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